Bougainvillea is a versatile ornamental plant that is easy to grow and requires minimal care. One of its notable features is its ability to bloom throughout the year, with each flowering period lasting up to 30-40 days.
Despite its hardy nature, some people encounter issues with their bougainvillea not flowering and producing only leaves. To encourage abundant blooming, especially during seasonal transitions like the current shift into autumn, consider applying the following “2-increase, 2-decrease” rule.
Increase Sunlight
Bougainvillea thrives in sunny conditions. Adequate sunlight exposure promotes healthy growth and stimulates bud differentiation. Insufficient light, such as when the plant is grown in shaded areas, can result in a lack of flowering. By increasing sunlight exposure, you enhance the plant’s photosynthetic activity and encourage bud formation.
If your bougainvillea is potted, find a location that receives ample sunlight to ensure its growth and flowering potential.
Bougainvillea requires ample sunlight for optimal growth and flowering.
Increase Nutrition
Nutrition is essential for bougainvillea to flower. Given that it blooms year-round and has extended flowering periods, it requires more nutrients than some other plants. Regular and gentle fertilization accelerates the plant’s reflowering process.
Fertilization schedules can vary depending on regional differences in climate. Here are some region-specific recommendations:
Southern Regions
In southern regions, bougainvillea is typically in its flowering phase, but the flowers may become smaller as summer transitions into autumn. To promote more flowering, apply a combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, or focus on phosphorus and potassium to enhance the plant’s overall health while reducing excessive vegetative growth.
Northern Regions
In northern regions, bougainvillea often flowers during winter. To encourage blooming during this period, apply nitrogen fertilizer in autumn, starting from late August. In October, supplement with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers while also regulating the plant’s water intake. This method helps induce flowering during the year-end festive season, including the Lunar New Year celebrations (with flowers typically blooming around December and January).
Decrease Watering
Reducing watering is crucial to encouraging bougainvillea to flower.
To stimulate bougainvillea to flower, it’s essential to reduce watering. By creating a water-deficit situation, you nudge the plant into a survival mode, shifting its focus from growing leaves and branches to forming flower buds. Allow the plant to experience mild water stress by withholding water until the leaves become slightly wilted yet remain firmly attached to the branches. Then, resume watering, and repeat this process a few times to encourage bud formation.
Decrease Branch and Leaf Growth
Pruning is an important step in encouraging flowering. Remove weak, thin branches and old flowers to prevent excessive foliage growth. By focusing the plant’s energy and nutrients on select parts, you enhance its ability to form flower buds.
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