Human physiology is an integral part of life, encompassing essential activities such as eating, personal hygiene, sleep, and, notably, sexual needs — an imperative instinct for the preservation and progression of the human race.
How did ancient soldiers address their physiological needs?
This is a less-discussed yet pragmatic aspect of ancient military life, especially within massive male-dominated armies like those in ancient China.
In the ancient Chinese military, the majority of soldiers were men, and catering to their physiological requirements became a significant challenge. Various methods were employed over the ages to maintain the mental stability and health of the fighting force, but not all of these approaches were humane or acceptable to modern sensibilities.

One of the least cruel approaches was allowing the wives of high-ranking officers and soldiers to accompany the army. The presence of these women not only fulfilled the soldiers’ emotional and physiological needs but also provided daily care while they were away from home.
This arrangement helped alleviate feelings of loneliness and homesickness, contributing to the maintenance of stable morale among the troops. However, this method was only feasible for a select few with higher social standing and was not always practical.
Moreover, in the context of ancient society, women were typically educated for domestic roles and lacked experience in traveling or living within the perilous military environment.
In contrast, more ruthless methods existed to address physiological urges. One such practice involved the utilization of “military prostitutes” — women chosen and assigned by the court to serve the soldiers.
These women often lacked social standing, lived in captivity, and endured frequent abuse. They were reduced to sexual instruments for the soldiers, devoid of protection or rights, suffering immensely in body and mind. This heartbreaking reality, though seldom discussed, forms a part of the history of ancient militaries.
Additionally, during wartime, soldiers were encouraged to seize women from conquered territories. This served the dual purpose of fulfilling physiological needs and boosting morale by demonstrating dominance over the defeated enemy. Nonetheless, the consequences for these violated women were grave, leaving profound scars on both society and history.

These methods reflect the harshness and cruelty of war and shed light on the treatment and perception of women in ancient societies, where they were often regarded as spoils of war, subjected to perilous circumstances and injustices.
However, in modern times, with societal advancements and a more progressive military outlook, the approach to physiological needs has markedly changed for the better. Organizing social events, gatherings, and festivals that facilitate soldiers’ interactions and potential courtship has become commonplace and is considered a polite and humane way to address this issue.
Furthermore, the increasing inclusion of women in the military has fostered a healthier, gender-balanced, and more respectful work environment for all members of the force.