Throughout the long history of our nation’s formation and defense, our people have witnessed numerous ruling dynasties. There were periods of prosperity and brilliant monarchs, but also times of turmoil and suffering due to the incompetence of those in power.

Do you know which family has produced the most monarchs in Vietnamese history?

The Le Dynasty: The Longest-Ruling Family

Vietnam’s era of independence began after over a millennium of foreign domination. This period was marked by Ngo Quyen’s victory at the Battle of Bach Dang in 938. A year later, Ngo Quyen ascended the throne, establishing the Ngo Dynasty. He became the first king of an independent Vietnam.

In Vietnamese history, the Le family has produced the most monarchs, including the Early Le Dynasty (980-1009) and the Later Le Dynasty (1428-1789). With 31 Le emperors and a 390-year reign over the country during the feudal period.

The Le family is one of the characteristic clans of the Lac Viet people and has had a profound influence, having settled in the regions of Thanh Hoa and Ninh Binh for a long time. The Le kings and eminent persons, the ancestors of numerous Le clan branches in Vietnam, all originated from Lac Viet land. According to the book “100 Common Surnames in Vietnam” published by the Social Sciences Publishing House in 2022, the Le family accounts for 8.9% of Vietnam’s population.

The Le Family: One of the Characteristic Clans of the Lac Viet People

The Le family established the Le Dynasty on two occasions. King Le Hoan founded the Early Le Dynasty (980–1009), and King Le Thai To (Le Loi) established the Later Le Dynasty. This dynasty lasted for almost a century and is considered one of the golden ages in Vietnamese history, marked by prosperity and advancements in culture, education, and military affairs.

Le Thanh Tong (1460-1497), one of the most renowned monarchs in Vietnamese history, brought the Le Dynasty to its pinnacle of prosperity. He implemented extensive reforms in administration, education, and law while expanding the territory southward, shaping the culture and territory of modern-day Vietnam.

Additionally, the Le monarch with the longest reign was Le Hien Tong, who ruled for 46 years (1740–1786). The shortest reign belonged to Le Long Viet (Le Trung Tong, son of Le Dai Hanh), who reigned for just three days before being overthrown by his brother, Le Long Dinh.

The Le Dynasty officially collapsed in 1789 when Nguyen Hue (Emperor Quang Trung) entered Thang Long, defeated the Qing army, and ended the Le Trung Hung Dynasty. Despite several brief restoration attempts, the Le Dynasty could not regain power, marking the end of a royal lineage that lasted over 350 years.

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