The Life and Accomplishments of the First Nguyen Lord as Told by Minister Nguyen Huu Bai

Nguyễn Hoàng, also known as Nguyễn Thái Tổ, is the first ruler of the Nguyễn dynasty, laying the foundation for the Nguyễn Phúc lineage and the Nguyễn dynasty.

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Nguyen Hoang, a national founding father, laid the groundwork for the Nguyen Phuc dynasty and the Nguyen family reign. Successive heirs continued his legacy for two centuries, but the country was still like a house under construction, incomplete. Therefore, the heavens took notice of a virtuous and talented person, who gave birth to Hoang Khao – the Supreme Ancestor, a virtuous and wise emperor.

Since childhood, Hoang Khao witnessed the chaotic state of the nation. With superior intelligence and heroic spirit, Hoang Khao decided to rebel and rescue the situation. With a pledge to defeat the enemy with three arrows, he led the army with determination to end the disorder. Despite having few soldiers, he fought, sometimes winning, sometimes losing, sometimes gaining a part of the territory and sometimes almost losing it immediately.

After sending his son to be a hostage in Phu Lang Sa, he sought refuge in Vong Cac (Bangkok), like a black panther in the forest or a dragon god in the deep abyss. He later returned to his homeland. He distributed equal benevolence to the soldiers and endured hardships in folklore and legends. Despite having to eat rough corn in difficulties, he never wavered.

Thanks to his foresight and compassion, he made the road smooth and his strength was unstoppable. He led the country out of darkness and expanded the territory from Lang Son to Ha Tien.

For 29 years, from 1774 to 1802, he fought relentlessly, expanded the nation, and built a state with complete rituals, music, courts, and administration. He also showed his filial piety by inviting his mother to the Truong Tho Palace and educating his children within the Khon Nguyen palace.

Hoang Khao sent envoys to other countries to maintain friendly relations and respect old lineages such as the Le family and the Trinh lords. His accomplishments and virtue shine like the sun and moon, impossible to conceal.

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Frequently asked questions

The first Nguyen Lord, Nguyen Hoang, ruled southern Vietnam from 1558 to 1613. He was a wise and capable leader who established the Nguyen domain, expanded its territory, and laid the foundations for future generations to continue expanding southwards. He also instituted a system of governance that promoted stability and prosperity in the region.

Nguyen Hoang was appointed by the Mạc dynasty as the governor of Thanh Hoa, but he soon switched his allegiance to the Lê dynasty. In 1558, he was granted rule over Thuan Hoa and Quang Nam (central Vietnam) by the Lê emperor. From there, he established his own domain, independent of both the Lê and Mạc dynasties, thus becoming the first Nguyen Lord.

Nguyen Hoang is credited with expanding the Nguyen domain southwards, annexing new territories and establishing Vietnamese control over the central and southern regions of modern-day Vietnam. He also instituted a system of governance that promoted stability and prosperity, including the appointment of talented officials and the encouragement of agriculture and trade. Additionally, he ordered the construction of many temples and pagodas, promoting cultural and religious development in the region.

Nguyen Hoang’s rule laid the foundations for the future expansion and control of southern Vietnam by his descendants, the Nguyen Lords. His establishment of a stable and prosperous domain in the region also helped shape the cultural and political landscape of Vietnam, contributing to its eventual unification under the Nguyen dynasty in the 19th century.

Minister Nguyen Huu Bai, a high-ranking official serving under the Nguyen Lords, provides a valuable firsthand account of Nguyen Hoang’s life and accomplishments. His writings offer insights into the historical events of the time, the governance of the Nguyen Lords, and the impact of Nguyen Hoang’s rule on the region. His account also highlights the importance placed on agriculture, trade, and cultural development during this period.