If your bougainvillea plant is producing an abundance of leaves but few flowers, it typically indicates an overabundance of nutrients and insufficient sunlight. Over-pampering your bougainvillea with excessive and frequent feeding, and shielding it from the sun, is not the right way to show your love for this vibrant plant. Bougainvilleas thrive in sunny conditions and do not require a nutrient-rich environment.
Remove a ring of bark near the base
Bougainvilleas have sturdy, woody stems. If your plant is producing more leaves than desired, try reducing the amount of nutrients it receives by cutting a ring of bark near the base. This will hinder the plant’s ability to draw nutrients upwards, encouraging it to focus its energy on bud production instead. Use a sharp knife to carefully remove a thin outer layer of bark, about 1 cm in width, from the lower part of the stem.
Reduce watering
Another way to encourage your bougainvillea to bloom is by withholding water. Avoid daily watering, as bougainvilleas prefer drier conditions and will only produce flowers when subjected to some level of drought. By reducing the water supply, you discourage leaf growth. You can also use a knife to loosen the soil around the roots, disrupting some of the roots and reducing the plant’s ability to draw nutrients for leaf growth. Bougainvilleas do not appreciate excessive pampering, and by aerating the soil, you provide them with more oxygen and encourage new root growth, further reducing the plant’s focus on leaf production. Water restriction is a technique used to induce flowering in bougainvilleas.
Prune and trim
Pruning and trimming leaves can help reduce the plant’s energy directed towards leaf growth, stimulating it to produce buds instead. Alternatively, you can cut it back severely, prompting the growth of new shoots and reducing the overall leafiness of the plant. This will encourage your bougainvillea to divert its energy towards flowering.
Relocate to the sunniest spot
Bougainvilleas originate from Mexico and thrive in sunny conditions. Therefore, those grown in southern regions, coastal areas, or the Central Highlands tend to produce more abundant and vibrant flowers compared to colder regions. Move your bougainvillea to the sunniest spot in your home, ensuring it receives at least six hours of sunlight daily. A local saying goes, “Bougainvillea loves the sun,” emphasizing the importance of ample sunlight for this plant’s well-being.
Check the soil quality
Bougainvilleas do not require highly nutrient-rich soil. They are a thermophilic species, favoring warm environments with optimal growth temperatures between 18 and 28 degrees Celsius. For the best results, use slightly acidic garden soil mixed with well-rotted manure, leaf mold, and pine needle soil. Ensure the soil depth is sufficient to accommodate the plant’s extensive root system, promoting overall health and abundant flowering.
Avoid over-fertilizing
When growing bougainvilleas, avoid treating them like vegetable plants that require constant feeding. They do not need excessive pampering. If your bougainvillea is constantly moist and nutrient-rich, it will not bode well for its flowering. Bougainvilleas do not appreciate waterlogging, and an abundance of nutrients will only encourage leaf growth.
Allow the soil to dry out between waterings, and when you notice lush, vibrant leaves and stems, refrain from providing additional nutrients. Instead, focus on aerating the soil and removing excess leaves to reduce the plant’s energy directed towards leaf growth.