The basis for this claim stems from the fact that eight pairs of genes that determine IQ are located on the X chromosome, and women have two X chromosomes, whereas men have only one.
Consequently, a child inherits one X chromosome from each parent, and genetically, the mother’s genes play a larger role in shaping IQ.
However, this view is not entirely accurate. In recent years, numerous studies have indicated that parental genes are not the sole determinant of a child’s intelligence.
In reality, intelligence formation is influenced by multiple factors, with genetics being just one of them.
Scientists suggest that only about 40% to 60% of intelligence is determined by genetic factors, while other factors, including environment, nutrition, and education, also play a significant role.
Specifically, the influence of genes on intelligence is approximately 20% to 40% in young children, and this percentage increases to around 60% in adulthood. This implies that, in addition to the inherited genes from parents, factors such as developmental processes, nutritional intake, and educational environment also hold considerable weight.
How can we identify if a child has a high IQ?
Numerous experts suggest that certain initial reactions of newborns can reflect brain development and serve as a basis for assessing their intelligence.
Newborns with Healthy Birth Weight
Research has indicated a strong correlation between birth weight and future cognitive development. Typically, newborns weighing between 2.8 and 4 kg tend to exhibit better cognitive development.
Being underweight increases the risk of malnutrition, while being overweight may pose challenges during childbirth and lead to potential issues like obesity later in life.
Therefore, a newborn’s weight serves as a vital health indicator and an indirect reflection of brain development.
A healthy weight signifies that the baby received adequate nutrition during pregnancy, which is beneficial for brain development.
Smiling Infants
The smile of a newborn can indeed be indicative of their intelligence.
Studies have found that the timing of an infant’s first smile in response to external stimuli is linked to brain development. Usually, newborns will react to external stimuli within the first month of life, indicating healthy brain development and sensory capabilities.
When an infant responds to their mother’s voice and face with a smile, it often signifies healthy brain development and a stronger cognitive and emotional response.
This is also why some parents observe that their children exhibit “smart” or unusually “savvy” behaviors from a very young age.
An infant’s smile can indeed be indicative of their intelligence.
Good Motor Skills
The development of motor skills, especially hand movement abilities, is closely associated with intelligence.
For instance, if a newborn can grasp their mother’s finger and hold on tightly within the first month of life, it demonstrates good brain control and motor skills.
Early motor skills, such as lifting their head, turning their head, and moving their hands rhythmically while lying prone, are also indicators of a healthy brain.
These motor skills contribute to later physical development, indirectly promoting brain development, particularly in areas related to cognition and coordination.
In addition to genetics and early physiological manifestations, the family’s educational environment also significantly impacts a child’s IQ.
Many parents overlook this aspect. However, the influence of the family environment on a child’s intelligence is just as significant as genetic factors.
A rich early education, attention, interaction, and a conducive learning atmosphere at home will subtly enhance a child’s intelligence.
The development of motor skills is closely associated with intelligence.
How can we promote a child’s cognitive development?
While IQ is influenced by genetics to a certain extent, the importance of nurturing and environmental factors cannot be overlooked. To promote cognitive development, parents can focus on the following aspects.
Provide Good Nutrition
Brain development in children requires adequate nutrition, particularly essential elements like DHA, iron, and zinc.
DHA promotes brain and vision development, iron aids in oxygen transport in the blood, and zinc supports the immune system and cell growth.
Parent-Child Interaction
Interaction between parents and their child is crucial for emotional and cognitive development. Through eye contact, newborns perceive love and attention, and verbal communication helps improve their language skills.
Intimate physical contact, such as hugging, kissing, and holding hands, enhances a sense of security and establishes a trusting relationship with the parents, fostering stable emotional development.
Interaction between parents and their child is vital for emotional and cognitive growth.
Create a Stimulating Learning Environment
A child’s learning environment should be stimulating and conducive to exploration. Provide a variety of books, toys, and interactive games to nurture their curiosity and love for learning.
Allowing children to explore their surroundings independently in a comfortable and joyful atmosphere lays a strong foundation for future learning.
Early Education
Appropriate early education is essential for a child’s development. By imparting simple knowledge and honing their skills, children gain confidence and a solid foundation for future learning.
Early education helps infants express their needs and emotions, develop social skills and problem-solving abilities, and sets the stage for their academic journey.
While a child’s IQ is influenced by their parents’ genes, their developmental environment and education also play pivotal roles.
In reality, there is no need to worry about whether a child inherits their IQ from their mother or father. What truly matters is creating a nurturing, loving, and supportive environment for them to grow up in, allowing their intelligence and potential to flourish naturally.
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