Large Freshwater Fish
It is a common misconception that bigger fish are more nutritious and delicious, leading people to spend generously on them. However, what many don’t realize is that these larger freshwater fish are often enhanced with growth hormones and chemicals. Naturally, fish in the wild typically weigh between 1.5-2kg, and achieving this size takes years of dedicated care and maintenance.
Nevertheless, there are exceptions, and some fish can grow to impressive sizes, ranging from 4-7kg. It is best to avoid purchasing these abnormally large fish, as they may have been injected with growth hormones or have accumulated high levels of pollutants from living in muddy waters for extended periods. To achieve such substantial weights, fish farmers often resort to using growth enhancers over a prolonged period, which could potentially be harmful to your health.

Fish with Distended Bellies
When shopping for fish, it is advisable to steer clear of those with distended bellies. If a fish is carrying eggs, its nutritional value diminishes as the eggs consume the fish’s nutrients. On the other hand, if a fish without eggs has a significantly swollen belly, it is likely that the fish has been dead for some time, and its internal organs have begun to decay, producing gas and causing the belly to bloat. According to food experts, when a fish dies, its immune system weakens, allowing bacteria to thrive. The decomposition process generates organic acids, resulting in an unpleasant odor and altered color, which can be detrimental to your liver and kidney health.
Bluefin Tuna
Bluefin tuna is a large species of tuna often sold at a premium price. However, it is important to note that this particular type of fish has high mercury levels. While tuna is a common choice, it is best to avoid excessive consumption to minimize the risk of mercury poisoning and its potential impact on your health.
Muddy Catfish
According to a published list by the United States, catfish from Vietnam have high levels of heavy metals, specifically mercury. As a result, this species of catfish is banned from being exported to other countries. Testing for mercury and malachite green in the US has yielded positive results, leading to the classification of Vietnamese catfish as “dirty fish” to be avoided.

Pufferfish – A Deadly Delicacy
Pufferfish, notorious for their toxicity, pose a significant risk to anyone who consumes them. They contain high levels of mercury, and their eggs and liver are especially dangerous due to the presence of tetrodotoxin and hepatotoxin, respectively. These toxins can be life-threatening if the fish is not prepared correctly. Therefore, it is strongly advised to refrain from consuming pufferfish, especially for pregnant women.

Swordfish – A Mercury Concern
Swordfish, a marine species, also falls into the category of fish with high mercury levels. Overconsumption of swordfish increases the risk of methylmercury poisoning. Therefore, it is recommended to limit your intake of this fish to maintain your health and well-being.