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The flooring system is responsible for supplying water to everyday water-using devices. The water source can be tap water, water in ponds, lakes or drilled wells,…
The wastewater system includes household wastewater pathways, urban wastewater drainage systems, storage tanks, sewers,….
The air system consists of pipes above ground that vent exhaust fumes and are connected to the drainage system to aid in better flow.
Water-using equipment and machinery are devices that use water and are connected to the air system and drainage pipes to prevent odors and toxic gases from waste.
Parts of the domestic water system
Here are the parts of the domestic water system:
- Main sewer line of the house or building: This pipe is located at the lowest position, usually below the ground floor.
- Drainpipe: This includes all sanitary and household wastewater pipes.
- Horizontal pipe: This pipe is placed horizontally and should not be inclined more than 45 degrees.
- Sanitary equipment: These are devices that use water.
- Water trap to prevent odors: This is used to prevent odors from the drainage system while still ensuring good water flow.
- Air vent: This is a pipe connected to the drainage system, ensuring the entry of air into the entire water system.
Design stages of water supply and drainage systems
Stage 1: Design principle diagram of water supply and drainage:
Before installing the drainage system, it is important to have a design principle diagram of the water supply and drainage. This will make the installation process easier.
Stage 2: Implementing the design layout of water supply and drainage:
After having a design principle diagram, the following tasks should be implemented:
- Arrange the installation of containment boxes, water supply or drainage pipes for optimal space.
- Arrange hot or cold pipes on a safe and economical floor plan.
Stage 3: Installing the detailed design of the water supply and drainage system:
At this stage, a detailed installation drawing needs to be prepared to clarify the position of each unit, as well as the installation details of the water drainage system.
Stage 4: Installing the water supply and drainage system in accordance with the procedure:
Install the water supply and drainage system after completing the rough construction of the house. This will make the implementation process easier and avoid the need for demolition.
How to install drain pipes in the house?
Locating landmarks
Before starting construction, it is important to perform marking and determine the installation position of the equipment along with the pipelines. The underground pipes should be marked according to the position counted from the floor.
Installing water supply pipes
When starting construction, factors such as materials, joints, types of conduits, and drilling positions must meet the technical requirements. Caution should be exercised when using machines such as welding machines and cutting machines to avoid danger.
After installation, the water pressure of the pipes should be tested. Set the water pressure at the highest level on the pipe for about 15 minutes and monitor the operation to identify any leakage points. After completing, re-plaster with cement to fix it.
Installing water supply lines and pump systems
Depending on the size of the standpipes, the appropriate connecting method should be chosen. For standpipes about D50 or less, the thread method should be applied. Standpipes greater than D50 should use the welding method.
Ensure that the connecting threads on the pipe bridge are sealed with anti-rust paint to increase durability. The vertical pipes need to be fixed with hangers, and the distance from the wall to the hangers should be 1.6m. Lastly, proceed to pump water at a high pressure to test the pressure of the pipes.
Installation of drain pipes
The most common method of installing drain pipes is from bottom to top. This method is usually used for pipes with diameters ranging from 100 to 350, depending on the terrain and usage requirements. Join the pipes by using specialized glue applied to the surface of the pipe and hold for 3-5 seconds.
Finally, steps should be taken to waterproof the installation. Use cement along with waterproofing materials applied directly to the areas that need to be waterproofed. Leave it for 24 hours, and if water does not seep into the system without any signs, it means the installation is complete.
Installing sanitary equipment
Sanitary equipment is usually made of ceramics, which can easily be damaged by strong collisions. It is recommended to install sanitary equipment when the tiling and finishing stages of the house are completed.
Connect the equipment and pipes with gaskets, and firmly fix the sanitary equipment using stainless steel or galvanized steel expansion. After completing the installation, turn on the water and check the water drainage and water pressure of the equipment.
Completing the installation
After completing all the installation and checking stages, clean up and ensure that the project is clean and tidy.
Common errors when installing drain pipes
Slope of the pipe is incorrect: The slope of the pipe can affect the operation of the drainage system, leading to clogging, odor, and other issues. Therefore, the standard slope of the pipe should be from 2-4%.
Water trap is not air sealed: The purpose of using a water trap is to prevent odors and create a distance between the living space and the drain pipe. If not designed correctly, the water traps will not be effective.
Flat air vents (horizontal): Air vents are divided into dry and wet types. Dry air vents are only used for air vent pipes, while wet air vents can be used for large pipes. If not installed correctly, there will be a tendency to clog the pipes.
Regulations and notes when installing drain pipes
Regulations on pipe sizes:
- Water supply pipes: The minimum airway diameter of the main water supply pipe is 20 mm. The minimum diameter of branch water pipes is 13 mm.
- Drainage pipes: The main drainage pipe must be larger than 102 mm. The horizontal drainage of the floor, toilet bowl is larger than 78 mm. Water tanks, bathtubs, toilet bowls are larger than 38 mm.
- Air vents: The main pipe (straight up to the sky) is larger than 78 mm, and other air vent pipes are larger than 38 mm.
Regulations on pipe materials and equipment:
- For wastewater pipes, PVC pipes or horizontal pipes should be used.
- Water pipes used for daily life should use PPR pipes, copper pipes,…
I hope this article has provided you with valuable information on how to install drain pipes in a house simply and effectively. If you have any problems or questions, please feel free to leave a comment below for support!