Why Fish Develops a Fishy Odor
Fish contain amino acids such as trimethylamine and dimethylamine, which are weakly basic compounds that produce a fishy odor. The level of these amino acids is very low in freshly caught fish. However, as the fish gets older, the fishy smell increases.
There are multiple ways to eliminate the fishy odor when cooking fish soup.
Tips to Prevent Fishy Odor when Cooking Fish Soup
- Choose fresh fish
This is one of the most important steps to prevent fish soup from smelling fishy. The fresher the fish, the less likely it is to have a strong odor, and the sweeter the meat will be. Look for fish with clear, black eyes. The scales should be intact and firmly attached to the body (for scaled fish). The gills should be reddish-pink.
If buying a whole fish, choose one that is still swimming and flailing vigorously. If buying fish that has already been cut into pieces, select portions that have good elasticity and bright-colored meat.
- Preliminary processing of the fish
Once you’ve purchased your fish, it’s important to clean and scale it, remove the guts and gills, and cut off the fins. Additionally, don’t forget to scrape away the black membrane inside the belly, as this is often an overlooked cause of the fishy odor.

- Rinse the fish with odor-neutralizing ingredients
You can rinse the fish with rice water, a traditional method used by many cooks. Soak the fish in rice water for about 10 minutes, then rinse it with clean water, and let it air dry. Alternatively, you can use a mixture of crushed ginger and white alcohol to neutralize odors. Apply this mixture both inside and outside the fish; the alcohol and ginger will help remove slime, excess blood, and any fishy smell.
Another effective method is to use a combination of lemon and salt crystals. Rub these ingredients directly on the inside and outside of the fish, then rinse with clean water. For slippery fish, lemon will effectively remove the slime.
- Cook the fish soup with sour ingredients
Sour ingredients such as tomatoes, sour apples, green plums, tamarind, sour bamboo shoots, sour star fruit, sour mangoes, sour grapes, lemons, vinegar, fermented beans, and pickled bamboo shoots can all be used to cook fish soup and effectively reduce its fishy odor. These sour ingredients contain acids that react with trimethylamine in the fish to form soluble salts, thereby eliminating the fishy smell.

- Use astringent ingredients
Astringent ingredients such as banana flowers and green bananas can also help eliminate the fishy odor. For example, green bananas contain tannin, a natural astringent that helps neutralize the amino acids responsible for the fishy smell.
- Add spicy ingredients
When cooking fish soup, consider adding spicy ingredients like ginger, chili peppers, onions, garlic, and pepper to reduce the fishy odor and enhance the flavor of the dish. In traditional Chinese medicine, fish is considered cooling, so the warmth of these spicy ingredients helps balance the dish.
- Use aromatic herbs
Aromatic herbs are essential when cooking fish soup. The choice of herbs will depend on the region and personal preference. In northern Vietnam, for example, fish soup is often cooked with scallions and coriander, while in the southern region, people prefer to use rice paddy herb and saw-leaf herb. These herbs have distinct aromas that not only enhance the flavor of the soup but also help mask any remaining fishy odor.
By following these simple tips, you can effectively eliminate the fishy odor from your fish soup and create a delicious and appealing dish.
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